Matlock & Matlock
Bath : Lists Through the Centuries |
Gifts & Aid to the King, Fines, Licences, Taxes, Land Owners, Hardship, School Charity, Police, Magistrates |
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Licences
for badgers, drovers, hucksters and swailers etc |
What was a .... ?
- Badger - a licensed huckster. Formerly badgers
dealt in corn, butter, cheese and fish, and had to
be licensed by the justices. They were often guilty
of regratin [buying up goods and then selling for a
higher price, sometimes at the same market], and were
held liable by statute.
Hence
Badgering - the act or practise of buying provisions
in one place and selling them in another.
Badgerer - one who badgers or cheapens in price.
- Drover - one who drives animals in droves
to market. A cattle dealer. The drovers used to follow
old traditional routes and would often travel many
miles.*
*Mike Spencer notes that "A drover had to
be at least thirty years old,a householder and married,
to obtain a licence."
- Huckster - one who retails small wares, provisions
or the like; a pedlar; hawker; especially one who raises
and sells garden products; a market gardener.
To hawk goods about was the privilege of men who
were then called hawkers, and of women who became
hawkestres, from which our huckster
Schele de Vere Studies in English p.152 [s.1867]
Mike Spencer, who researched
the list of names below in early 2003, writes that this
is by no means an exhaustive list. The records cover
1746-1772, so many years and sessions have not been covered,
but if you had ancestors who dealt in corn, sold small
wares in the streets or market,or sold dairy products,
cheese and eggs then you may find mention of them in
the volumes. When most parish records reveal very little
at this date about occupations it nice to be able to
put that little bit of information against a name to
let them live again so to speak, and these records supply
that little bit for those who needed licences to work.
The information is given here with the kind permission
of Derbyshire Record Office, with whom copyright remains.
Chesterfield Oct 7th 1746 |
[It is not easy to tell who was applying for what as, apart from the first
entry, the rest is not differentiated. Some people appeared twice, and are not listed again, so they
could have appeared for a different Licence.] |
John WASS, Matlock |
Joseph HODGKINSON, Matlock |
George TAYLOR, Matlock |
Thomas HILL, Matlock |
Jos HILL, Matlock |
Joshua JOHNSON, Riber |
1755 Michaelmas sitting of Quarter
Sessions |
[Place held not listed] |
GEORGE TAYLOR, Matlock |
THOMAS HILL, Matlock |
JOS HILL, Matlock |
JOHN WASS, Matlock |
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1771 Translation Sessions |
[No place given. Badgers only,
usually with an accompanying name for those who
acted as sureties in case the badger failed to
perform his duties or job in a proper manner so
as to lose his licence and pay any bond or fine
presumably.] |
JAMES GOOSE Hackney Lane, (Darley
Dale ) |
GEORGE BOAM, Elton |
MARTHA HODGKINSON, Winster |
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1771 Epiphany Sessions |
[see note above] |
JAMES SMITH Matlock |
WILLIAM SMITH Matlock, gardiner |
WILLIAM SMITH Jnr., Matlock, mason |
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Lists Containing
Five or Less Names
1. The Toleration Act |
In accordance with this act, dissenting
preachers and places of worship were registered. "The
following is a complete list of dwelling houses, with their
owners names, licensed and registered at the Derbyshire Quarter
Sessions, as meeting houses (together with a few special
chapels) from the end of 1689 to the end of the reign of
George II"[1, 2].
[Matlock and District
names only are given below] |
Quakers (Q) :
Protestant Dissenters (P) |
Lea, |
1718, |
Thomas |
NIGHTINGALE |
|
Matlock, |
1689, |
William |
BUNTING |
(Q) |
Matlock, |
1689, |
Robert |
CLIFFE |
(P) |
Matlock, |
1726, |
Cornelius |
BOWMAN |
(Q) |
Matlock, |
1726, |
William |
LEES |
(Q) |
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2. Meeting Houses or Chapels |
Although people are not named below,
the following is nevertheless of interest to those researching
Matlock:[1, 3]
"From the beginning of the reign of George III, the county
records contain ... petitions or applications for registering
... meeting houses or chapels". List up to the reign of Queen Victoria:
1. Protestant Dissenters: 1783. "Cromford Chapel", Matlock.
2. Independents: 1781. Meeting House, Matlock. |
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The extracts above are taken from:
[1]"Three Centuries of Derbyshire Annals, an
Illustrated by the Records of the Quarter Sessions of the County
of Derby from Queen Elizabeth to Queen Victoria", Rev.
Charles J. Cox, LL.D., F.S.A Vol I. (1890) pub. London: Bemrose
and Sons, 23 Old Bailey; and Derby (pp.332-4). Researched and
transcribed by Ann Andrews, Jan 2000.
[2] ibid, p.366
[3] ibid, p.368
Unless the section specifies a contributor, material has been
extracted by Ann Andrews. Other contributors, copyright holders,
etc. are to be found under the relevant section. With my very grateful
thanks to everyone who has contributed or given permission to reproduce
their material.
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